PET/MRI: a new technology in the field of molecular imaging.

BACKGROUND The introduction of the new simultaneous PET/MRI scanner opens new opportunities in functional imaging. SOURCES OF DATA This article is based on the literature review and our personal experience of the first simultaneous PET/MRI scanner in the UK. AREAS OF AGREEMENT PET/CT is well established and a key component of management guidance in a range of diseases. MRI has superior soft tissue resolution, which is useful in the evaluation of many diseases. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY There are currently no guidelines regarding clinical use of PET/MRI, and those centres with a PET/MRI facility are undertaking research to look for a 'key application'. GROWING POINTS AND AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH This review briefly describes some of the technical advances, present comparisons with the diagnostic performance of current imaging modalities (PET/CT and MRI) and identifies potential indications and research directions.